PENGARUH BOKASHI BERBASIS Azolla microphylla DAN Lemna polyrhiza TERHADAP SERAPAN N DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PAKCHOY (Brassica chinensis L.), SERTA POROSITAS INSEPTISOLS

Abstract

Pakchoy adalah salah satu sayuran daun yang banyak mengandung berbagai mineral dan vitamin, kaya
klorofil (antioksidan).Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik (bokashi) berbasis biomassa
Azolla microphylla(Am) dan Lemna polyrhiza (Lp) terhadap: 1) serapan unsur N tanaman pakchoy, 2)
pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pakchoy,dan 3) porositas Inseptisols. Penelitian ini adalah percobaan pot
yang dilaksanakan di rumah plastik Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto pada
ketinggian 110m dpl. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Oktober 2012 sampai Februari 2013.Rancangan yang
digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pupuk
organik bokashi meliputi : kontrol; 60% biomassa Azolla microphylla + 40% kompos kotoran sapi; 60%
biomassa Lemna polyrhiza + 40% kompos kotoran sapi; 100% kompos kotoran sapi; pupuk majemuk NPK.
Variabel yang diamati adalah serapan N tanaman,, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman pakchoy, serta BJI, BJP, dan
porositas Inseltisols. Hasil penelitian menunjukanpemberian pupuk bokashi berbasis Am dan Lp masing-masing
mampu: (1)meningkatkanserapan N tanaman 669% dan 512% terhadapkontrol tanpa pupuk, (2) meningkatkan
hasil sebesar 263,89 % (hasil 15,72 t/ha) dan 267,82 % (hasil 15,89 t/ha) terhadap kontrol tanpa pupuk, dan (3)
menurunkan nilai BJI Inseptisols sebesar 16% dan 23%, dan menurunkan porositas Inseptisols sebesar 23% dan
18%.
Kata kunci: Azolla microphylla, Lemna polyrhiza, pupuk kandang sapi, pakchoy, pertanian organik

ABSTRACT
Pakchoy is one of vegetable contains lot of minerals and vitamins as well as rich in chlorophyll that can
serve as antioxidants.This research purpose were to know influence of Bokashi Azolla microphylla (Am) and
Lemna polyrhiza (Lp) biomass-based on : 1) plant N uptake, 2) growth and yield of pakchoy, and 3)Inceptisol
porosity. This research was used polybag to cultivate the pakchoy during October 2012 until February 2013 in
screen house Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto at 110m above sea level. This research used RCBD
(Randomized Complete Block Design) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment tested were: control;
60% Am biomass + 40% cattle manure; 60% Lp biomass + 40% cattle manure; 100% cattle manure; NPK
fertilizer. Variabel observed plant N uptake, growth and yield of pakchoy, Bulk Density (BD), Particle Density
(PD), and porosityof Inceptisols. The result showed that bokashi based of both of Am and Lp biomass, compare
to no-fertilizer, it had respectively ability to: (1) increase plant N uptake by 669% and 512%, (2) increase the
yield of pakchoy by 263,89 % (yield15,72 t/ha) and 267,82 % (yield15,89 t/ha), and (3) decrease Inseptisols’
BDby16% and 23%, anddecrease Inseptisols’ porosity by 23% and 18%.
Keywords : Azolla microphylla, Lemna polyrhiza, cattle manure, pakchoy, organic agriculture