RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN TUNAS MIKRO STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) SECARA IN VITRO PADA BEBERAPA JENIS SITOKININ DAN KONSENTRASI AIR KELAPA
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan beberapa jenis sitokinin dan beberapa level
konsentrasi air kelapa terhadap respon pertumbuhan tunas mikro stevia. Rancangan Penelitian ini menggunakan
Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), meliputi 3 jenis sitokinin (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) dan 4 level
konsentrasi air kelapa (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%) dengan 5 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi persentase
kontaminasi, persentase browning, saat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas. Data dianalisis
dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian pada 30 HST untuk parameter
saat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas, interaksi antara BAP dan air kelapa menunjukkan
perbedaan yang tidak nyata. Namun hasil analisis menunjukkan pengaruh tunggal sitokinin dan air kelapa dalam
pembentukan dan pertumbuhan tunas. Media perlakuan dengan menggunakan MS+2ppm BAP tanpa air kelapa
terbukti memacu kemunculan tunas lebih cepat, yaitu rata-rata 3,05 Hari Setelah Kultur (HSK) serta memacu
pertambahan jumlah ruas (2,6 ruas per tunas) dan tunas (3,7 tunas per eksplan). Penambahan air kelapa
menghambat kecepatan pertumbuhan tunas. Parameter pertumbuhan tunas menunjukkan semakin besar
konsentrasi air kelapa yang ditambahkan semakin menurunkan pertumbuhan tunas baik dari jumlah, panjang atau
ruas.
Kata kunci: Stevia, in vitro, air kelapa, sitokinin
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine effect of use of several types of cytokinin and levels of coconut water
concentration on stevia micro shoot growth response. This study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design,
including 3 types of cytokines (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) and 4 levels of coconut water concentration
(0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) with 5 replications. The parameters included percentage of contamination, percentage of
browning, time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot length and number of nodes. Analyzed by variance analysis
(ANOVA) and DMRT test at 5% level. For analysis results of time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot length
and number of segments showed that the interaction between BAP and coconut water gave no significant
difference. However, the results of the analysis showed a single effect of cytokinin and coconut water in shoot
formation and growth. Treatment media using MS + 2ppm BAP without coconut water proved to accelerate the
appearance of shoot more rapidly, that is average 3.05 days after culture and induced the increase of the number
of node (2.6 node per shoot) and shoot number (3.7 shoots per explant). The addition of coconut water inhibited
the growth rate of buds. Shoot growth of the number, length, and node number of shoots decline due to high
concentration of coconut water added further decrease the growth of shoot either from the number, length, and
node number of shoots.
Key words: Stevia, in vitro, coconut water, cytokinins
konsentrasi air kelapa terhadap respon pertumbuhan tunas mikro stevia. Rancangan Penelitian ini menggunakan
Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), meliputi 3 jenis sitokinin (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) dan 4 level
konsentrasi air kelapa (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%) dengan 5 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi persentase
kontaminasi, persentase browning, saat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas. Data dianalisis
dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian pada 30 HST untuk parameter
saat muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas dan jumlah ruas, interaksi antara BAP dan air kelapa menunjukkan
perbedaan yang tidak nyata. Namun hasil analisis menunjukkan pengaruh tunggal sitokinin dan air kelapa dalam
pembentukan dan pertumbuhan tunas. Media perlakuan dengan menggunakan MS+2ppm BAP tanpa air kelapa
terbukti memacu kemunculan tunas lebih cepat, yaitu rata-rata 3,05 Hari Setelah Kultur (HSK) serta memacu
pertambahan jumlah ruas (2,6 ruas per tunas) dan tunas (3,7 tunas per eksplan). Penambahan air kelapa
menghambat kecepatan pertumbuhan tunas. Parameter pertumbuhan tunas menunjukkan semakin besar
konsentrasi air kelapa yang ditambahkan semakin menurunkan pertumbuhan tunas baik dari jumlah, panjang atau
ruas.
Kata kunci: Stevia, in vitro, air kelapa, sitokinin
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine effect of use of several types of cytokinin and levels of coconut water
concentration on stevia micro shoot growth response. This study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design,
including 3 types of cytokines (2 ppm Kinetin, 2ppm BAP, 2ppm TDZ) and 4 levels of coconut water concentration
(0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) with 5 replications. The parameters included percentage of contamination, percentage of
browning, time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot length and number of nodes. Analyzed by variance analysis
(ANOVA) and DMRT test at 5% level. For analysis results of time to form shoots, number of shoots, shoot length
and number of segments showed that the interaction between BAP and coconut water gave no significant
difference. However, the results of the analysis showed a single effect of cytokinin and coconut water in shoot
formation and growth. Treatment media using MS + 2ppm BAP without coconut water proved to accelerate the
appearance of shoot more rapidly, that is average 3.05 days after culture and induced the increase of the number
of node (2.6 node per shoot) and shoot number (3.7 shoots per explant). The addition of coconut water inhibited
the growth rate of buds. Shoot growth of the number, length, and node number of shoots decline due to high
concentration of coconut water added further decrease the growth of shoot either from the number, length, and
node number of shoots.
Key words: Stevia, in vitro, coconut water, cytokinins
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